With new transcatheter options for the repair or replacement of tricuspid valves, the role and timing of repair — whether surgical or minimally invasive — is entering a time of transition.

equalizing quickly in diastole. A soft first heart sound may be present, due to early closure of the mitral valve.

A RBBB causes a delay in the closure of the pulmonic valve, and thus a delay in P2, without any effect on A2. In severe MR or in the setting of a VSD, the A2 occurs early. In mitral regurgitation ...

Conclusion Multiple paravalvular leaks after double valve replacement can be occluded in patients ... Surgical transapical approach for prosthetic mitral paravalvular leak closure: early results.