The best understanding of quarks and gluons that we know comes from the theory of quantum chromodynamics, which was developed in the 1970s. We call it “chromo” because we introduced this new concept ...

"Once we figured out that these black holes form in a quark-gluon plasma, the most important thing we had to figure out was, ...

These quarks and gluons bind under the influence of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). QCD is the theory of strong interaction of quarks and the role of color symmetry. However, the mechanisms that ...

For many years, exact measurements of the proton's electric charge response ... used a small color dipole (the J/Psi particle) to reveal a spherical size and location of the gluons’ mass and ...