Bacterial growth on cultures obtained from the nose or nasopharynx, and growth on those obtained with sinus aspiration or open antrostomy ... along with purulent nasal discharge.

The presence of certain anatomical features, such as nasal septal deviation and concha ... sinusitis found that extended middle meatal antrostomy (MMA) was effective in preventing recurrence ...

Bony anatomy of the lateral nasal wall. The 4 bony laminae are numbered ... American Medical Association. Middle meatal antrostomy is created with a backbiting forceps. Reprinted with permission ...