Tephra is a general term for fragments of volcanic rock and lava that are blasted into the air by explosions or carried upward by hot gases. Tephra includes large, dense chunks, light rock debris ...

Gas emissions and rock fragments ejected from the volcano into the air, known as tephra, were the primary hazards from the eruption, the observatory said. A few hours later, another observatory ...

THE Department of Science and Technology (DOST) has explored the potential use of tephra ejected by Taal Volcano in Batangas province. Researchers from the DOST-Industrial Technology Development ...