There are several types of thermometers you can use, but the two most common are ... though chefs like Bobby Flay often prefer their beef burgers at a medium (or even medium-rare) doneness ...

While there are other types of quantum thermometers, Rydberg thermometers can measure the temperature of their environment from about 0 to 100 degrees Celsius without needing to touch the object ...

A new way to measure the temperatures of objects by studying the effect of their black-body radiation on Rydberg atoms has ...