The adaptors activate other relay proteins inside the cell, and this chain of protein-protein interactions creates a signal transduction pathway that links an activated receptor to its response.

The discovery of microbial-sensing proteins called Toll-like receptors is transforming our understanding of the body’s response to infection. Aa Aa Aa A diverse range of microbes, including ...

EMCV: Encephalomyocarditis virus; HCMV: Human CMV: MCMV: Mouse CMV; MMTV: Mouse mammary tumor virus; pDC: Plasmacytoid dendritic cell; PTV: Punta Toro virus; SARS-CoV ...

Dr. Ma adds, "Our results show that BB1 prevented the TNF-α increase in intestinal tight junction permeability via a toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 signal transduction pathway inhibition of NF-kB p50 ...

Toll-like receptors are one line of defense along the cell ... But in response to DNA, it was largely normal. As they dissected the signaling cascade of the MAVS pathway, Chen’s interest naturally ...