A small number of Toll-like receptors can detect a broad range of human pathogens, as well as a variety of other molecules that indicate tissue damage, by a process called pattern recognition.

However, the receptors had one restriction: they could only recognize molecules that were on the surface of other cells. The system relied on the tight physical interactions between cells.

When it brings its tongue back in, the molecules contact special receptors and the snake senses the molecules as a smell. A fly tastes with its feet. At the end of a fly’s legs is a foot-like ...

Engineered immune cells called CAR-T cells are used in the treatment of cancer. Researchers from Uppsala University have now discovered that CAR molecules can be transferred from the CAR-T cells to ...

Most cell signals are chemical in nature. For example, prokaryotic organisms have sensors that detect nutrients and help them navigate toward food sources. In multicellular organisms, growth ...

Researchers at Leipzig University’s Faculty of Medicine and Shandong University in China have discovered a new mechanism that ...

This is done by receptor and other adapter molecules. However, it was previously unknown how exactly these molecules trigger the subsequent steps. “We have now been able to show that the receptors ...

The patent specifically relates to oral formulations of natural food molecules for treating diabetes mellitus and obesity by modulating ectopic olfactory, taste and related receptor activity.

“The formulation activates ectopic olfactory receptors OR51E1 and OR51E2 ... Olfactive Biosolutions is the leader in adapting food molecules to treat chronic diseases; it now has a total ...