ALDH2 is a tetrameric enzyme that contains three domains; two dinucleotide-binding domains and a three-stranded beta-sheet domain. The active site of ALDH2 is divided into two halves by the nicotinamide ring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +).

ALDH2*2 can be designated as group 1 and 3 in relation to structure-function disruption. When just one protomer of the tetrameric assembly contains ALDH2*2, NAD binding is altered and catalytic activity is lost, resulting in accumulation of cytotoxic acetaldehyde (Larson et al., 2005).

The ALDH2 gene was first identified and fully characterized in 1987 (20, 21), and the X-ray crystal structure of ALDH2 was fully elucidated in 1999 . Among the 19 human ALDH isozymes, ALDH2 is the most efficient one for the metabolism of ethanol-derived acetaldehyde; it has the lowest K m (∼0.2 μM) towards this substrate ( 72 ).

May 15, 1997 · The structure of tetrameric bovine ALDH2 (which shares 95% sequence identity with the human isoenzyme), cocrystallized with NAD +, was determined. The individual subunits each contain three domains — two α / β dinucleotide-binding domains and …

Jul 28, 2016 · Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), one of 19 ALDH superfamily members, catalyzes the NAD + -dependent oxidation of aldehydes to their respective carboxylic acids.

Here we report the 2.1 A crystal structure of ALDH2*2. The structure shows a large disordered region located at the dimer interface that includes much of the coenzyme binding cleft and a loop of residues that form the base of the active site.

Jul 20, 2022 · Crystal structure of human ALDH2 in complex with NAD+ and PEG MME 550. PDB DOI: https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb8DR9/pdb; Classification: OXIDOREDUCTASE; Organism(s): Homo sapiens; Expression System: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) Mutation(s): Yes ; Deposited: 2022-07-20 Released: 2023-08-30 ; Deposition Author(s): Xu, S.Y., Weng, J.K.

ALDH2 is a mitochondrial enzyme found in the liver and mucosa of the upper intestinal tract, among other tissues, and is primarily responsible for the oxidation of simple aldehydes such as acetaldehyde, which, as stated earlier, is a potential carcinogen.

Gene ALDH2 is associated with 32 reactions in 16 different subsystems, and present in the compartments: Cytosol, Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, Peroxisome. Provided by metabolicatlas.org Pathway / Subsystem

May 15, 1997 · The structure of ALDH2 is important for the elucidation of its catalytic mechanism, to gain a clear understanding of the contribution of ALDH2 to the genetic component of alcoholism and for the development of specific ALDH2 inhibitors as potential drugs for use in …