Apr 17, 2018 · Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes DNA containing CpG motifs derived from bacteria and viruses and activates the innate immune response to eliminate them.

Mar 1, 2017 · TLR9 acts as a first-line host defense against pathogens recognizing DNA comprising unmethylated CpG motifs present in bacteria and viruses. Species- and sequence-specific recognition differences were demonstrated for TLR9 receptors.

Feb 9, 2015 · TLR9 recognizes bacterial and viral DNA containing the cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) dideoxynucleotide motif 3, 4. The molecular basis by which CpG-containing DNA (CpG-DNA) elicits...

Nov 3, 2017 · We propose that the CpG motif with PTO linkage is less favored for TLR9 binding, which results in binding only the 5′-end PD-based CpG motif and in improving TLR9 activation.

Mar 1, 2017 · TLR9 acts as a first-line host defense against pathogens recognizing DNA comprising unmethylated CpG motifs present in bacteria and viruses. Species- and sequence-specific recognition differences were demonstrated for TLR9 receptors.

Jul 24, 2001 · Transfection of either human or murine TLR9 conferred responsiveness in a CD14- and MD2-independent manner, yet required species-specific CpG-DNA motifs for initiation of the Toll/IL-1R signal pathway via MyD88. The optimal CpG motif for hTLR9 was GTCGTT, whereas the optimal murine sequence was GACGTT.

Sep 1, 2009 · Unmethylated CpG dinucleotides are absolutely required for TLR9 activation if the DNA fragments are internalized in the form of an IC, whereas CpG-free DNA can activate TLR9 if the DNA fragments are internalized by liposomal transfection with DOTAP.

TLR9 recognizes DNAs with unmethylated CpG motifs and activates innate immune responses. Ohto et al. identify another TLR9 binding motif, the 50-xCx DNA motif, and determine the tertiary structure of TLR9 in complex with CpG and 50-xCx DNAs to reveal a cooperative activation mechanism of TLR9 by two types of DNAs. Ohto et al., 2018, Immunity 48 ...

Jan 11, 2004 · We have found that TLR9 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Because there is no precedent for immune receptor signaling in the ER, we...

Apr 17, 2018 · Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes DNA containing CpG motifs derived from bacteria and viruses and activates the innate immune response to eliminate them.